REACH Applications Table

Record Number	Ash Types	Application	Details of application	Standard Application	Basic Use
1	Siliceous Fly Ash, PFA, Coal Fly Ash	Concrete	Supplied to EN450-1:2005 as a Type II addition	Concrete Manufacture	Bound
2	Siliceous Fly Ash, PFA, Coal Fly Ash	Filler aggregate in concrete	Used as a Type I addition in concrete, e.g. as an inert filler	Filler aggregate	Bound
3	Siliceous Fly Ash, PFA, Coal Fly Ash	Grouting mines, caverns and other voids	Used as aggregate and binder in conjunction with cement to fill mines, caverns and other voids.	Grouting	Bound
4	Siliceous Fly Ash, PFA, Coal Fly Ash	Hydraulically Bound Mixtures for Road Construction	Used as a binder in conjunction with lime or cement in road base, sub-base and capping construction.	Road Construction	Bound
5	Siliceous Fly Ash, PFA, Coal Fly Ash	Cement Manufacture - kiln feed	Used as a source of silica in the cement making process	Cement Manufacture	Bound
6	Siliceous Fly Ash, PFA, Coal Fly Ash	Cement Manufacture - Blended cement	Blended with CEM I in the cement factory to produce blended cements, e.g. CEM II B-V	Cement Manufacture	Bound
7	Siliceous Fly Ash, PFA, Coal Fly Ash	Aggregate for mortars	Used as a partial of complete replacement for the fine aggregate in mortar mixes for bricklaying, etc.	Filler aggregate	Bound
8	Siliceous Fly Ash, PFA, Coal Fly Ash	Aggregate in concrete block making	Used as a cementitious material and filler aggregate in the manufacture of lightweight concrete blocks	Block making	Bound
9	Siliceous Fly Ash, PFA, Coal Fly Ash	Aggregate in aerated block manufacture (Aircrete)	Used as primary material in the manufacture of autoclaved aerated concrete blocks.	Block making	Bound
10	Siliceous Fly Ash, PFA, Coal Fly Ash	Aggregates in ceramic bricks	Used as a partial replacement of clay minerals in brick manufacture	Filler aggregate	Bound
11	Siliceous Fly Ash, PFA, Coal Fly Ash	Aggregates in ceramic tiles	Used as a partial replacement of clay minerals in tile manufacture	Filler aggregate	Bound
12	Siliceous Fly Ash, PFA, Coal Fly Ash	Filler in rubber products	Used as filler material in rubber products, e.g. tyres.	None of the standard uses	Bound
13	Siliceous Fly Ash, PFA, Coal Fly Ash	Material for artificial aggregates	Source of material for the manufacture of sintered pulverised fuel ash aggregates, e.g. Lytag	None of the standard uses	Bound
14	Cenospheres, Floaters	Filler for paints and plastics	Used as a lightweight filler in the manufacture of paints and plastics	Filler in non-cementitious products	Bound
15	Siliceous Fly Ash, PFA, Coal Fly Ash	Filler aggregate in foam bitumen products	Used as a filler in foam bitumen	Road Construction	Bound
16	Siliceous Fly Ash, PFA, Coal Fly Ash	Filler aggregate in asphalt mixtures	As a filler in asphalt formulations	Road Construction	Bound
17	Furnace Bottom Ash, Wet Bottom Ash	Aggregates for block manufacture	As a coarse and fine aggregates in the manufacture of dense and lightweight blocks	Block making	Bound
18	Furnace Bottom Ash, Wet Bottom Ash	Aggregate for horse ménages and gallops	As a surface for exercising horse	Animal Husbandary	Unbound
19	Siliceous Fly Ash, PFA, Coal Fly Ash	Grouting redundant pipes	Used as an aggregate in grouts for filling and sealing redundant pipework, thereby prevent access to vermin, etc.	None of the standard uses	Bound
20	Siliceous Fly Ash, PFA, Coal Fly Ash	Filler in fire protection coating	Used as a filler material in the formulation of fire prevention/protection coatings.	None of the standard uses	Bound
21	Furnace Bottom Ash, Wet Bottom Ash	Drainage media for golf courses	Used as a free draining material on golf courses.	Aggregates - unbound	Unbound
22	Furnace Bottom Ash, Wet Bottom Ash	Used as a capping layer	As a capping layer in road construction to act as a drainage layer.	Road Construction	Unbound
23	Furnace Bottom Ash, Wet Bottom Ash	Capillary break in embankments	Used as a medium to prevent capillary rise in embankments made of fine grained materials, such as fly ash.	None of the standard uses	Unbound
24	Siliceous Fly Ash, PFA, Coal Fly Ash	Binder in soil stabilisation	Used as binder in conjunction with lime and/or cement in soil stabilisation	None of the standard uses	Bound
25	Siliceous Fly Ash, PFA, Coal Fly Ash	Binder in contaminated land treatment	Used as a binder and permeability reducing material in the treatment of contaminated land.	None of the standard uses	Bound
26	Siliceous Fly Ash, PFA, Coal Fly Ash	Grouting in nuclear waste containment	Used as a binder/filler aggregate in conjunction with cement and other binders in the sealing and containment of nuclear wastes.	Grouting	Bound
27	Siliceous Fly Ash, PFA, Coal Fly Ash	Aggregate for dam construction	Used as an aggregates and binder in roller compacted concrete for dam construction.	Concrete Manufacture	Bound
28	Siliceous Fly Ash, PFA, Coal Fly Ash	Manufacture of zeolites	Material for the manufacture of artificial zeolites	None of the standard uses	Bound
29	Siliceous Fly Ash, PFA, Coal Fly Ash	Manufacture of Aardelite	Material for the manufacture of artificial aggregate, called Aardelite.	None of the standard uses	Bound
30	Siliceous Fly Ash, PFA, Coal Fly Ash	Manufacture of insulating materials	Used as a primary source of silica in the manufacture of insulating materials, e.g. loft insulation and similar.	None of the standard uses	Bound
31	Siliceous Fly Ash, PFA, Coal Fly Ash	Magnesium Oxide cement - filler	Used as a filler cement in Magnesium Oxide based cement formulations	Cement Manufacture	Bound
32	Siliceous Fly Ash, PFA, Coal Fly Ash	Grouting - permeation grouting	Used in conjunction with cement and/or lime to permeate fissures and pores within poor ground improving the stability.	None of the standard uses	Bound
33	Siliceous Fly Ash, PFA, Coal Fly Ash	Filler aggregate in anhydrite cement	Used as a filler in anhydrite cement appplications, e.g. self levelling floor screeds, etc.	None of the standard uses	Bound
34	Siliceous Fly Ash, PFA, Coal Fly Ash	Hydraulically Bound Mixtures for Road Construction	Used as an aggregate, not as a binder, in cementitious-bound mixtures in road base, subbase and capping	Road Construction	Unbound
35	Furnace Bottom Ash, Wet Bottom Ash	Hydraulic-bound mixtures for road construction	Used, bound with hydraulic binders in base, subbase and capping	Road Construction	Bound
36	Furnace Bottom Ash, Wet Bottom Ash	Engineering fill	Used as a fill material in land reclamation and embankment construction	Land Reclamation	Bound
37	Furnace Bottom Ash, Wet Bottom Ash	Unbound Aggregates	Used without binder as a base or subbase in road construction	Aggregates - unbound	Unbound
38	Siliceous Fly Ash, PFA, Coal Fly Ash	Engineering fill	Used as a fill material in land reclamation and embankment construction	Land Reclamation	Unbound
39	Siliceous Fly Ash, PFA, Coal Fly Ash	Sludge Stabilisation	Used unbound as a stabiliser for sludges e.g. sewage sludge, wastes and wet soils	Stablisation	Unbound
40	Siliceous Fly Ash, PFA, Coal Fly Ash	Sludge Stabilisation	Used bound with cement or lime as a stabiliser for sludges e.g. sewage sludge, wastes and wet soils	Stablisation	Bound
42	Siliceous Fly Ash, PFA, Coal Fly Ash	Refactory Processes	Use a material in refactory linings for refactory processes	None of the standard uses	Bound
43	Siliceous Fly Ash, PFA, Coal Fly Ash	Alkali Activated Binders/Cement	Use as a binder in cements and cementitious systems by activation of the ash using alkalis	Cement Manufacture	Bound